Characteristic and Units¹

Value²

Moisture content (%, wb)

6.9 ± 0.7

Volatile solids (%, db)

62.0 ± 2.5

Fixed carbon (%, db)

24.3 ± 1.7

Ash (%, db)

14.7 ± 0.8

pH (-)

6.2 ± 0.0

Higher heating value (MJ∙kg⁻¹)

14.23 ± 0.56

Bulk density (kg∙m⁻³)

312.2 ± 18.5

Ultimate analysis (%)²

C

49.26

H

6.40

O

37.03

N

4.16

S

0.23

Chemical formula (-)

CH_1.559O_0.564N_0.072S_0.002

Stoichiometric air (kg∙kg⁻¹)

6.89